Indonesia

The National Flag of Indonesia

The national flag of Indonesia, known as the “Sang Merah Putih” or the “Red and White,” is a symbol of Indonesia’s independence and sovereignty. The flag of Indonesia consists of two horizontal bands: red on the top and white on the bottom. Each color holds deep cultural and historical significance, representing the values and history of the Indonesian people.

Indonesia Flag Clip Art Images, Backgrounds, and Wallpapers

Free Download of the Indonesia Flag Image

To download an image of the Indonesia flag, right-click on the image and select “Save image as…” on a desktop or laptop. On a mobile device, press and hold on the image, then select “Download image” or “Save image” from the options that appear.

For Apple (iPhone/iPad):

• Press and hold the image.
• A menu will appear; tap “Add to Photos” or “Save Image.”

For Android:

• Press and hold the image.
• From the menu that appears, choose “Download image” or “Save image.”

This will save the image to your device’s photo gallery or downloads folder.

Design and Colors of the Indonesia Flag

The Indonesia flag features a simple yet profound design:

• Red: The red color represents courage, symbolizing the bravery of the Indonesian people in their fight for independence.
• White: The white color symbolizes purity and peace, reflecting the country’s ideals of unity and harmony.

The Origins and Design of the Indonesia Flag

The Indonesia flag has its origins in the country’s struggle for independence. The design was first raised on August 17, 1945, when Indonesia declared its independence from Dutch colonial rule. The flag’s design is inspired by the historical banners of the Majapahit Empire, which also featured red and white.

The Birth of a National Symbol

The flag of Indonesia, also known as the “Sang Saka Merah Putih,” was first hoisted during Indonesia’s declaration of independence in 1945. The red and white colors are deeply rooted in Indonesian history, symbolizing the blood and purity of the nation. Over time, the flag has come to represent Indonesia’s identity as a free and united country.

Evolution of the Flag’s Symbolism

The symbolism of the Indonesia flag reflects the nation’s cultural heritage and values:

• Red: Represents courage and the blood of those who fought for the nation’s freedom.
• White: Symbolizes the purity of the nation’s spirit and the people’s commitment to peace.

The Central Design Elements

The Indonesia flag consists of two equally sized horizontal stripes:

• Red: The top red stripe represents the courage and bravery of the Indonesian people.
• White: The bottom white stripe symbolizes peace and purity, qualities that are central to the nation’s values.

Adoption and Official Recognition

The current design of the Indonesia flag was officially adopted on August 17, 1945, the day Indonesia declared its independence. The flag remains a key symbol of the nation’s identity and pride, and its design has remained unchanged since its official adoption.

The Flag in Modern Indonesian Identity

Today, the Indonesia flag is a powerful symbol of national pride and unity. It is prominently displayed during national holidays, such as Indonesia’s Independence Day on August 17. The flag is also honored in schools, government institutions, and by Indonesians living abroad, serving as a reminder of the nation’s history and cultural heritage.

The Significance of the Indonesia Flag

The flag of Indonesia holds a significant place in the hearts of its people, symbolizing the rich history, culture, and unity of the nation. Displaying the Indonesia flag is an act of patriotism and respect, and it is done according to specific rules and on designated days that hold special meaning for the country.

When the Flag of Indonesia Can Be Displayed

The flag of Indonesia may be displayed on any day, but there are specific guidelines for when and how it should be presented. The flag should always be treated with respect and should never touch the ground. It is commonly flown at government buildings, schools, and during national ceremonies. Citizens are encouraged to display the flag during national holidays and important commemorations.

Flag Days and National Holidays

In Indonesia, there are several official flag days and national holidays when the flag is prominently displayed:

• August 17 – Independence Day: This day marks the proclamation of Indonesia’s independence in 1945. The flag is central to the celebrations, which include parades, flag-raising ceremonies, and patriotic displays nationwide.
• October 28 – Youth Pledge Day: This day commemorates the 1928 Youth Pledge, where Indonesian youth declared their commitment to one nation, one language, and one motherland—Indonesia. The flag is widely displayed to honor this important milestone in Indonesia’s history.

Love for the Flag and Patriotism

The Indonesia flag is not just a national symbol; it represents the pride and love that Indonesians have for their country. The flag’s simple design embodies the nation’s history, unity, and enduring spirit. During national holidays, particularly on Independence Day, the flag is displayed everywhere—from homes and public spaces to schools and government buildings. Schools instill a sense of respect for the flag from a young age, often including flag-raising ceremonies as part of the daily routine.

Indonesia Flag Emoji Codes

1. Unicode Code Points

• Unicode: U+1F1EE U+1F1E9
• UTF-16: D83C DDEE D83C DDE9

2. HTML Entities

• HTML Entity (Decimal): 🇮🇩
• HTML Entity (Hexadecimal): 🇮🇩

3. CSS

content: "\1F1EE\1F1E9";

4. JavaScript (JSON) & Java

// JavaScript Example
const indonesiaFlag = "\uD83C\uDDEE\uD83C\uDDE9";

// Java Example
String indonesiaFlag = "\uD83C\uDDEE\uD83C\uDDE9";

5. PHP & Ruby

// PHP Example
$indonesiaFlag = "\u{1F1EE}\u{1F1E9}";

// Ruby Example
indonesia_flag = "\u{1F1EE}\u{1F1E9}"

6. Perl

my $indonesiaFlag = "\x{1F1EE}\x{1F1E9}";

7. Python

indonesia_flag = "\U0001F1EE\U0001F1E9"

8. C#

string indonesiaFlag = "\uD83C\uDDEE\uD83C\uDDE9";

9. Swift

let indonesiaFlag = "\u{1F1EE}\u{1F1E9}"

10. Objective-C

NSString *indonesiaFlag = @"\U0001F1EE\U0001F1E9";

11. JSON

{
  "indonesiaFlag": "\uD83C\uDDEE\uD83C\uDDE9"
}

12. SQL

INSERT INTO table_name (column_name) VALUES ('\uD83C\uDDEE\uD83C\uDDE9');

13. Shell Scripting (Bash)

indonesia_flag=$'\U1F1EE\U1F1E9'

14. Go (Golang)

indonesiaFlag := "\U0001F1EE\U0001F1E9"

15. Kotlin

val indonesiaFlag = "\uD83C\uDDEE\uD83C\uDDE9"

About Indonesia

Geography and Topography

Location and Geography

Indonesia is located in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world’s largest island country, consisting of over 17,000 islands. Indonesia shares land borders with Malaysia on Borneo, Papua New Guinea on the island of New Guinea, and Timor-Leste on the island of Timor. Indonesia’s diverse geography includes:

• Mountain ranges, including many active volcanoes like Mount Merapi and Mount Bromo
• Tropical rainforests in Sumatra, Borneo, and Papua
• Extensive coastlines along the Indian and Pacific Oceans
• Rivers such as the Kapuas, Mahakam, and Musi
• Large lakes like Lake Toba in North Sumatra

Indonesia Map

Area and Population

Indonesia covers an area of approximately 1.9 million square kilometers, making it the largest country in Southeast Asia by land area. As of 2023, the population is estimated to be over 275 million people, making it the fourth most populous country in the world.

Demographics and Ethnic Composition

Indonesia is known for its rich cultural diversity, with over 300 ethnic groups. The main ethnic groups include:

• Javanese: around 40% of the population
• Sundanese: approximately 15%
• Madurese: about 3%
• Other ethnic groups, including Batak, Bugis, Balinese, and Papuans

Name and History

Origin of the Name “Indonesia”

The name “Indonesia” is derived from the Greek words “Indos” (India) and “nesos” (island), meaning “Indian islands.” The name was adopted in the early 20th century during the nationalist movement that led to independence from Dutch colonial rule in 1945.

History

Indonesia’s history is marked by a blend of indigenous cultures and foreign influences. Key historical events include:

• The rise of powerful kingdoms like Srivijaya and Majapahit
• The spread of Hinduism, Buddhism, and later Islam, which shaped Indonesian culture and society
• The colonization by the Dutch in the 17th century, leading to over 300 years of colonial rule
• Independence from the Dutch in 1945, led by national figures like Sukarno

Government and Politics

Capital

Jakarta is the capital of Indonesia and the largest city in Southeast Asia. It is the political, economic, and cultural center of the country, located on the northwest coast of Java.

Government and Politics

Indonesia is a republic with a presidential system. It consists of 34 provinces, each with its own local government. The President is the head of state and government, and the political system is based on a multi-party democracy. Indonesia’s legislative body is the People’s Consultative Assembly (MPR), which consists of the Regional Representative Council (DPD) and the People’s Representative Council (DPR).

Values and Culture

Core Indonesian values include community (gotong-royong), respect for diversity, and religious harmony. The principle of “Bhinneka Tunggal Ika” (Unity in Diversity) reflects the country’s multicultural nature.

Religion

Indonesia is the largest Muslim-majority country in the world, with Islam practiced by around 87% of the population. Other major religions include Christianity, Hinduism (primarily in Bali), and Buddhism. The country is known for its religious tolerance and diversity.

Holidays

Indonesia observes a mix of national and religious holidays, including:

• Independence Day on August 17
• Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha, celebrated by Muslims nationwide
• Nyepi (Balinese Hindu New Year)
• Christmas, celebrated by Christians

Demographics and Society

Language

The official language of Indonesia is Bahasa Indonesia, spoken by nearly the entire population as a second language. Indonesia is also home to hundreds of regional languages, such as Javanese, Sundanese, and Balinese.

Society and Sports

Indonesia is passionate about sports, particularly badminton, in which it has won many international competitions. Other popular sports include soccer, volleyball, and traditional martial arts like pencak silat.

Safety

Indonesia is generally safe for tourists and residents, though certain areas, particularly near active volcanoes or remote regions, may have higher risks. The government takes measures to ensure public safety and disaster preparedness.

Economy and Currency

Economy

Indonesia has the largest economy in Southeast Asia, driven by sectors such as:

• Agriculture, including palm oil, rice, and rubber
• Mining and natural resources, including coal, oil, and gas
• Manufacturing, especially textiles and electronics
• Tourism, with attractions ranging from Bali to Borobudur

Currency

The official currency of Indonesia is the Indonesian Rupiah (IDR), symbolized by “Rp.”

Culture and Arts

Culture and Arts

Indonesian culture is a blend of indigenous traditions and foreign influences. The country is known for its rich arts, such as batik, wayang (shadow puppetry), and gamelan music. Famous cultural landmarks include Borobudur and Prambanan temples.

Cuisine

Indonesian cuisine is diverse, reflecting the country’s many cultures and regions. Notable dishes include:

• Nasi Goreng: Indonesia’s famous fried rice, often served with a fried egg on top
• Sate: Grilled meat skewers served with peanut sauce
• Rendang: A slow-cooked beef dish from West Sumatra, known for its rich and spicy flavors

National Anthem

The national anthem of Indonesia, “Indonesia Raya”, was composed by Wage Rudolf Supratman and first performed in 1928 during the Indonesian independence movement.

Infrastructure and Transportation

Transportation

Indonesia’s transportation network includes extensive roadways, ferry systems connecting the islands, and international airports such as Soekarno-Hatta in Jakarta. Major cities like Jakarta have public transport systems including buses and commuter trains.

Time Zones

Indonesia spans three time zones: Western Indonesia Time (WIB), Central Indonesia Time (WITA), and Eastern Indonesia Time (WIT).

Web and Phone Code

Indonesia’s internet country code is “.id,” and its international dialing code is +62.

Indonesia: Things to See and Do

Indonesia offers stunning landscapes, cultural experiences, and a wide range of activities for travelers.

Explore National Parks

Indonesia is home to many beautiful national parks, including:

• Komodo National Park: Famous for its Komodo dragons, the world’s largest lizard
• Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park: Known for its breathtaking volcanic landscapes
• Gunung Leuser National Park: A haven for endangered species like the Sumatran orangutan

Enjoy Beautiful Beaches

Indonesia is renowned for its pristine beaches, particularly in Bali and beyond.

• Bali: Famous for its world-class beaches like Kuta and Seminyak, offering surfing and relaxation
• Lombok: Known for its serene beaches and the towering Mount Rinjani
• Raja Ampat: A paradise for divers, home to some of the world’s most biodiverse coral reefs

Savor the Cuisine

Indonesia’s food scene is a delight for the senses, with must-try dishes including:

• Gado-Gado: A salad of boiled vegetables with peanut sauce
• Martabak: A popular street food, either savory or sweet
• Bakso: Indonesian meatball soup, a common comfort food

Explore Vibrant Cities

Indonesia’s cities offer a mix of modernity and tradition.

• Jakarta: The bustling capital with a mix of skyscrapers and historic landmarks
• Yogyakarta: A cultural hub near the temples of Borobudur and Prambanan
• Surabaya: A thriving port city with a rich colonial history

Visit Natural Wonders

Indonesia is blessed with diverse natural wonders, from volcanoes to rainforests.

• Mount Bromo: One of Indonesia’s most iconic volcanoes, offering stunning sunrises
• Lake Toba: The largest volcanic lake in the world, located in North Sumatra
• Raja Ampat Islands: A diver’s paradise with crystal-clear waters and vibrant coral reefs

Participate in Cultural Festivals

Indonesia’s festivals showcase its cultural diversity.

• Nyepi: The Balinese Hindu Day of Silence, observed with fasting and meditation
• Jakarta International Java Jazz Festival: One of the biggest jazz festivals in the world
• Independence Day Celebrations: Marked with parades, games, and community gatherings

Relax in Quaint Towns

Indonesia’s small towns offer a peaceful retreat from city life.

• Ubud, Bali: A center for arts, culture, and spirituality, surrounded by rice terraces
• Sumba: Known for its traditional villages and stunning beaches

Discover Underwater Wonders

Indonesia is one of the best places in the world for diving and snorkeling.

• Bunaken: A top diving destination with diverse marine life
• Wakatobi: A group of islands known for their pristine coral reefs